In response to former bonded labourers' and activists' demands, the Nepalese Government formed a commission in August to investigate kamaiya bonded labour and recommend action. Despite promises, it has failed to take any action.

The commission was also formed to arrange land distribution and provide identity cards, which are vital to being able to access support. Its formation was announced following protests against government inaction.

About 100 protesters were arrested during the July demonstrations, including Dilli Chaudhary, Director of Backward Society Education, 2002 Anti-Slavery Award winner. The protests marked six years since the Government declared bonded labour illegal; a law was not passed until 2002.

Under the Kamaiya Labour (Prohibition) Act, the Government is required to provide housing, employment and income-generating activities to certain groups of kamaiya. But four years on, thousands remain without these vital means of support.